# Font Optimization

Use `next/font` for automatic font optimization with zero layout shift.

## Google Fonts

```tsx
// app/layout.tsx
import { Inter } from "next/font/google";

const inter = Inter({ subsets: ["latin"] });

export default function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  return (
    <html lang="en" className={inter.className}>
      <body>{children}</body>
    </html>
  );
}
```

## Multiple Fonts

```tsx
import { Inter, Roboto_Mono } from "next/font/google";

const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  variable: "--font-inter",
});

const robotoMono = Roboto_Mono({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  variable: "--font-roboto-mono",
});

export default function RootLayout({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
  return (
    <html lang="en" className={`${inter.variable} ${robotoMono.variable}`}>
      <body>{children}</body>
    </html>
  );
}
```

Use in CSS:

```css
body {
  font-family: var(--font-inter);
}

code {
  font-family: var(--font-roboto-mono);
}
```

## Font Weights and Styles

```tsx
// Single weight
const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  weight: "400",
});

// Multiple weights
const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  weight: ["400", "500", "700"],
});

// Variable font (recommended) - includes all weights
const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  // No weight needed - variable fonts support all weights
});

// With italic
const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  style: ["normal", "italic"],
});
```

## Local Fonts

```tsx
import localFont from "next/font/local";

const myFont = localFont({
  src: "./fonts/MyFont.woff2",
});

// Multiple files for different weights
const myFont = localFont({
  src: [
    {
      path: "./fonts/MyFont-Regular.woff2",
      weight: "400",
      style: "normal",
    },
    {
      path: "./fonts/MyFont-Bold.woff2",
      weight: "700",
      style: "normal",
    },
  ],
});

// Variable font
const myFont = localFont({
  src: "./fonts/MyFont-Variable.woff2",
  variable: "--font-my-font",
});
```

## Tailwind CSS Integration

```tsx
// app/layout.tsx
import { Inter } from "next/font/google";

const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  variable: "--font-inter",
});

export default function RootLayout({ children }) {
  return (
    <html lang="en" className={inter.variable}>
      <body>{children}</body>
    </html>
  );
}
```

```js
// tailwind.config.js
module.exports = {
  theme: {
    extend: {
      fontFamily: {
        sans: ["var(--font-inter)"],
      },
    },
  },
};
```

## Preloading Subsets

Only load needed character subsets:

```tsx
// Latin only (most common)
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ["latin"] });

// Multiple subsets
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ["latin", "latin-ext", "cyrillic"] });
```

## Display Strategy

Control font loading behavior:

```tsx
const inter = Inter({
  subsets: ["latin"],
  display: "swap", // Default - shows fallback, swaps when loaded
});

// Options:
// 'auto' - browser decides
// 'block' - short block period, then swap
// 'swap' - immediate fallback, swap when ready (recommended)
// 'fallback' - short block, short swap, then fallback
// 'optional' - short block, no swap (use if font is optional)
```

## Don't Use Manual Font Links

Always use `next/font` instead of `<link>` tags for Google Fonts.

```tsx
// Bad: Manual link tag (blocks rendering, no optimization)
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter" rel="stylesheet" />

// Bad: Missing display and preconnect
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter" rel="stylesheet" />

// Good: Use next/font (self-hosted, zero layout shift)
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'

const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] })
```

## Common Mistakes

```tsx
// Bad: Importing font in every component
// components/Button.tsx
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] }) // Creates new instance each time!

// Good: Import once in layout, use CSS variable
// app/layout.tsx
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'], variable: '--font-inter' })

// Bad: Using @import in CSS (blocks rendering)
/* globals.css */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter');

// Good: Use next/font (self-hosted, no network request)
import { Inter } from 'next/font/google'

// Bad: Loading all weights when only using a few
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] }) // Loads all weights

// Good: Specify only needed weights (for non-variable fonts)
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'], weight: ['400', '700'] })

// Bad: Missing subset - loads all characters
const inter = Inter({})

// Good: Always specify subset
const inter = Inter({ subsets: ['latin'] })
```

## Font in Specific Components

```tsx
// For component-specific fonts, export from a shared file
// lib/fonts.ts
import { Inter, Playfair_Display } from "next/font/google";

export const inter = Inter({ subsets: ["latin"], variable: "--font-inter" });
export const playfair = Playfair_Display({ subsets: ["latin"], variable: "--font-playfair" });

// components/Heading.tsx
import { playfair } from "@/lib/fonts";

export function Heading({ children }) {
  return <h1 className={playfair.className}>{children}</h1>;
}
```