pippinmole/ghost

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Source code of Ghost - On Ghost

fix slop code, by slop066543611 hours ago217 lines · 10.7 KB

1	# Code standards
2
3	Rules for every file in this repository. They are not style preferences; a change that breaks one of them is a change that gets sent back.
4
5	## 1. DRY and SOLID
6
7	Write a thing once. Two call sites doing the same keyset pagination, the same binary-content sniff, the same permission check means one function and two callers.
8
9	Duplication that is about to diverge is not duplication — do not merge two things that happen to look alike today.
10
11	Each unit does one thing: a service owns a domain, a module wires it, a controller maps HTTP to it, a DTO describes the wire. A service that spawns `git` and also decides HTTP status codes is two things.
12
13	Depend on the narrow thing. A function that needs a git directory takes a git directory, not the repository row it could be read from.
14
15	## 2. No reshaping functions
16
17	`toCommitDTO`, `toCommentDTO`, `toSummaryOf
18
19	Either the function that produces the data produces the exact fields the caller needs, or it produces nothing and the caller builds the object where it is returned.
20
21	```ts
22	// No: the row is fetched, then renamed.
23	function toCommitSummary(commit:
24	return { sha:
25	}
26
27	// Yes: the query selects the fields the response is made of.
28	const [commit] =
29	.select({ sha:
30	.from(schema.commit
31	```
32
33	The same goes for a local builder that assembles a value out of a page's state for another component to consume, such as `repositoriesHref` or `hrefFor` building pagination links. The component that renders the value takes the parts and builds it once, so every page stops writing its own copy.
34
35	```tsx
36	// No: each page builds its own pagination links.
37	const repositoriesHref = (
38	<CursorPagination firstHref={
39
40	// Yes: the pagination takes the parts.
41	<CursorPagination pathname={
42	```
43
44	Value conversion is not reshaping: parsing a string into a `Date`, turning a service name into a binary name, formatting a colour for an `<input>`. Those stay.
45
46	## 3. Strings are never concatenated for layout
47
48	No `'...' + '...'` to keep a line short. This applies to OpenAPI `description`, error messages, log lines, everything.
49
50	```ts
51	// No.
52	description:
53	'Commits signed with it read as verified once the key carries an ' +
54	'address this account has verified.',
55
56	// Yes.
57	description: 'Commits signed with it read as verified once the key carries an address this account has verified.',
58	```
59
60	Concatenation is for building a string out of parts that vary — interpolation is preferred there anyway.
61
62	## 4. Comments earn their place
63
64	A comment explains why, never what. If the code says what it does and the reason is obvious, write no comment.
65
66	Ban: paragraph essays above a function, restating the signature, narrating each step, explaining the language, apologising for a decision, or telling a story about the alternative that was rejected — that belongs in `docs/`, as a numbered decision.
67
68	Keep: a non-obvious constraint, an invariant a reader cannot see from the code, a reason a surprising line is correct.
69
70	```ts
71	// No.
72	/**
73	* Directories first, then files, each group alphabetical.
74	*
75	* Submodules are grouped with directories: they are directory-shaped to a
76	* reader, whatever git calls them.
77	*
78	* Partitioning in one pass and sorting the two groups separately beats one
79	* comparator that has to check the type on every comparison, but neither is
80	* close to being worth optimizing.
81	*/
82
83	// Yes.
84	/** Directories first, then files, each alphabetical. Submodules sort as directories. */
85	```
86
87	## 5. No wrapped comments or strings
88
89	One comment is one line, however long. One string literal is one line, however long. Editors wrap; source does not need to.
90
91	```ts
92	// No.
93	// The stored expiry doubles as the "last sent" stamp: a token issued less
94	// than a minute ago still has all but a minute of its life left.
95
96	// Yes.
97	// The stored expiry doubles as the "last sent" stamp: a token issued less than a minute ago still has all but a minute of its life left.
98	```
99
100	Multi-line block comments are allowed only when the lines are genuinely separate items, such as `@param` tags or an example.
101
102	## 6. `
103
104	A file under `services/` exports an `@Injectable()` class. Nothing else belongs there.
105
106	Pure functions, types, error classes, codecs and test fakes live under `lib/`, mirroring the same folder names. `lib/git/tree/list-tree.ts` is a function;
107
108	The same applies elsewhere: a folder is named for what it holds, and a file that does not fit the name moves rather than stretching it.
109
110	## 7. Production quality is the default
111
112	Every branch is reachable and reached in tests, or the branch does not exist. Errors carry a cause the caller can act on. Nothing is left `any`. Nothing ships commented out. Trust boundaries validate, and the check lives where the boundary is, not at each call site.
113
114	No speculative abstraction: an interface with one implementation, a factory for one product, or a configuration value that never varies is deleted on sight.
115
116	## 8. One file holds one component family
117
118	A `.tsx` file exports components that belong together, or a single component. `components/ui/avatar.tsx` holds
119
120	A page is not a family. `ProfileReadme`, `PeopleList`, `
121
122	Where the file goes depends on who uses it:
123
124	- Used by one route only: next to it, in the same folder as the `page.tsx` that renders it.
125	- Used by more than one route: under `components/`, in the folder named for its domain.
126
127	```tsx
128	// No: app/[username]/page.tsx
129	export default async function
130	function PeopleList() {
131	function PinnedRepositories() {
132
133	// Yes: only this route renders them.
134	// app/[username]/page.tsx
135	// app/[username]/people-list.tsx
136	// app/[username]/pinned-repositories.tsx
137
138	// Yes: rendered by more than one route.
139	// components/auth/user/user-avatar.tsx
140	```
141
142	## 9. Look before you write a component
143
144	Before adding a component, search `components/` and the route folders for one that already does the job. If it exists, use it; if it almost fits, extend it with a prop rather than writing a sibling that differs by one class name.
145
146	Two components that render the same list of avatars and links are a violation of rule 1, however far apart they live.
147
148	## 10. Every suspended boundary has a loading state
149
150	Anything that waits for data shows a skeleton while it waits. A route segment that fetches gets a `loading.tsx`. An async server component rendered inside a page gets a `<Suspense>` with a skeleton fallback, and the skeleton lives in the same file as the component it stands in for, the way
151
152	`<Suspense fallback={null}>` is not a loading state: the layout jumps when the content arrives. The skeleton takes the shape and size of what it replaces.
153
154	```tsx
155	// No.
156	<Suspense fallback={
157	<OrganizationTeamList slug=
158	</Suspense>
159
160	// Yes.
161	<Suspense fallback={
162	<OrganizationTeamList slug=
163	</Suspense>
164	```
165
166
167	## 11. Changes to Infra or env variables must be propagated to `
168
169	If a new item to the workspace is added, the apps/*/Dockerfile needs to update else the build fails. and self hosting setup(in /docker) and docs in (apps/docker) needs to be updated too.
170
171
172	## 12. Controllers pass, services do (`
173
174	A controller, a GraphQL resolver, a git or SSH handler: each reads what its transport delivered, hands the values to a service, and responds with what the service returns. It runs no queries, makes no decisions about the domain, and does not reshape what comes back. What it may do is the transport's own part: read a header, pick the representation the client asked for (JSON or raw bytes), set a status code or a `Location` header, wrap a stream.
175
176	A service takes plain values and returns plain data. It does not know whether it was called over HTTP, GraphQL, SSH or a queue: no `Request`, `Response`, headers, status codes,
177
178	```ts
179	// No: the controller decides what the domain allows and reshapes the result.
180	@Patch(':id')
181	async update(@Param
182	const current =
183	if (body.tag_name
184	throw new UnprocessableEntityException(
185	const updated =
186	return { ...updated
187	}
188
189	// Yes: the controller passes the values on and returns the answer.
190	@Patch(':id')
191	update(@Param('id
192	return this.releases
193	}
194	```
195
196	## 13. No function for a line or two
197
198	A function earns its name by being used in many places, by hiding real complexity, or by being tested on its own. A two-line helper declared for one or two call sites does none of that: the reader jumps away to learn what it does, then jumps back. Write it where it is used.
199
200	```ts
201	// No: a declaration to read for a check that fits on one line.
202	function refuseDiscussion(category:
203	if (category !==
204	}
205	refuseDiscussion(body.discussion_category_name
206
207	// Yes.
208	if (body.discussion_category_name
209	```
210
211	## Philosophy
212
213	This codebase will outlive you. Every shortcut becomes someone else's burden. Every hack compounds into technical debt that slows the whole team down.
214
215	You are not just writing code. You are shaping the future of this project. The patterns you establish will be copied. The corners you cut will be cut again.
216
217	Fight entropy. Leave the codebase better than you found it.